Trash burner



Oct. lr6, 1945. F. R; BoEDEcKER TRASH BURNER Filed Aug. 28. 1943 nventorPatented Oct. 16, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE TRASH BURNER `Fred R.Boedecker, Tacoma, Wash., assignor ofy one-half to Robert F. Boedeckcr,Tacoma,

Wash.

Application August 28, 1943, Serial No. 500,327V

`3 Claims.

This invention relates to structures for confining a Atrash-burningfire, and has special reference rtosuch structures as may be used bytowns,

cities, military camps, picnic and amusement parks, and otherestablishments.

'Ihe objects of my invention are to provide a structure of lsuch form aswill completely and quickly-burn any refuse, such as boxes, odd piecesof Wood-paper, cloth, leaves and branches and any other inflammablerefuse material, without emitting any cinders or sparks and, in sodoing, vgenerate ahigh degree of heat; second, to provide such astructure of brick o r other suitable material thereby eliminating thenecessity of using a large vquantity of iron; third, to provide meansfor insulating the outer structure from the high `heat `developed intheinner structure; fourth, to

provide meansfor bracing the inner dome by the outer structure; fth, toprovide means for forc- 'ing a large volume of air into the combustionchamber; sixth, to provide means for cooling the walls of the structureand then cooling the gases of combustionfbefore lthey leave thestructure;

seventh, to provide means for feeding the trash into the lcenter of thecombustion chamber; and.

eighth, vto provide a structure of simple constructionfeconomicoperation,v and of great efficiency .in use.

`I attain these andother objects by the devices,

mechanisms and arrangements illustrated in the accompanying drawing, inwhich Fig. l is a vertical section of my improved trash burner, showingthe trash feeding apparatus in elevation; Fig; 2 is a plan view thereof,a portion thereofxbeingbroken away to reveal the arrange.l v

ment of the forced draft; Fig. 3 is a section there- ;of at one'of Athecooling air inlets; Fig. 4 is a section Vthereof showing the means forbracing the dome;at one ofthe cooling air outlets; Fig. 5 is a .sectionthereof at one of the auxiliary draft `control inlets; and Fig. 6 is asection thereof at oneof the clean-out doors,

Similar numerals of reference refer to similar rparts throughout theseveral views.

l"li'he construction of this trash burner comprises an outer shell I(Fig. 1), having a conical wall 2 Lwith a large central orifice 3, andbeing .about three times the height of the combustion chamber enclosedtherein; and an inner combus- :tion chamber 4, havinga conical wall 5,parallel with but separated from the said wall 2, and having adome-shaped closure I with a central opening 'I somewhat smaller thanthe orice 3 of the outer shell I.

,The particular form of the dome-shaped closure 6, asclearly seen in thedrawing, may be described as a spherical vsegment having its height lessthan one-half its diameter. This form of dome, 'together with thesupporting truncated lconical wall 51tends to reflect the heat of thelfire in the combustion chamber back on to the -fire, thus increasingthe intensiti7 of the heat.

I'he wall 2of the outer shell I is provided-with a trash feed opening 8,Ypositioned at a suitable height above the opening l of the combustionchamber'.

An exterior structureV il, lhaving a suitable -driven feedy chain IIJ,hoists the trash `from vthe ground vand dumps it on a chute II whichYpasses therefrom through n`the opening 8 in the outer shell I to theopening 1 in the dome of the com- -dome 6 of the combustion chamber.l

bu'stion chamber 4. This exterior structure is of any desired designadapted to receive and hoist the trash and'to Adeliver it tothe centerofxthe combustion chamber 4.

The 'outer shell I is preferably constructed ofbrick,'whiletheginnerfwall 5 of the combustion chamber areconstructed ofsuitable fire brick.

The outer shell I is provided with an inner ring Yenlargement I2,adapted to contact thetop "of the wall 5 `at the base of the'dome 6thereof so that the lower part ofthe outer wall 2 forms a brace for -thesaid dome 6. This ring l2 is provided with a plurality of passages I3(Figs. =1, 4)

cut therethrough Aso as -to connect the heat-insulating and coolingspace I4, between the walls 2 and `5, with the gas-cooling space I5above the The forced draft for the combustion chamber vis vprovidedlwith-a suitable power-driven blower or fan It which forces air into thecombustion chamber 4 by way of the pipe I1. This Vpipe I='I passesthrough the base of both walls 2 'and 5 `at -a tangent to the fsaidchamber 4. This blast lof :air causes a Cyclonic action von the trashbeing "burned, tossing it about as it 'falls into the cham- :ber'fromthe chute I I and blowing it around until it is entirely consumed.Additional air for combustion is admitted into the -chamber 4 through aplurality of draft openings 4I8 (Figs. l, 5)'and this 'added air alsotravels around in the circular combustion chamberi V 'l'he draft throughthese openings I8 is caused by two factors, namely-iirst, the heated airin the chamber 4 is lighter than the air outside of theburner and tendsto Vrise on a spiral course in the :chamber and to form a partial vacuumtherein; and second, the

rapid-circular 'motion of the air insideithe chamber gtends to 'furtherlower the pressure therein'and V.thus suck air into-the chamber on theVenturi principle, and these two causes are cumulative and draw thefresh air into the chamber. The draft thus formed may be regulated bymeans of suitable vertically sliding doors I9 (Fig. which may beadjusted in position as desired. The above described openings I8 formpassages through the two Walls 2 and 5 and are suitably disconnectedfremvthe space M. betweenvthe. said walls byuneans of 20. y

Similar larger clean-out passages 2I (Figs. 1, 6) also pass through thewalls 2 and 5 and are closed by suitable doors 22. These passages alsoare disconnected from the cooling space fd-by suitable brick Work 23 sothat the passages 2| lead directly into the combustion Achamber 1I andmay be used for cleaning out the ash as occasion requires. g K

As before stated, the wall'-(fthe combustion chamber is separated fromthe Wall 2 ofthe outer shell I by a space I4. A plurality of air inletpassagesd "(lligsg, :3) :pass through the outer =wa1l2 fandiare'adapted'it'oiadmit the outside fair intofthe lower endofithe space 14. 1airthen passes vupwardir1-tlre Aspace @I4 and escapes -into the`gas-'cooling `:space 1'15 :above "the idome t :by lmeans-pfpassages 'I31form`ed inthe ring I Z'FigS. 1, 4). Thus ithespaceifrdsrrotfonly-actsas'aheat finsulatorffor the outer wall @2, fbutalso `keeps'the 'siil wallsZ andrco'ol `by the '-ow of cool Aair v-th'er`eil'l,'thereby ten'ding "5to lengthen-the 'life 'fo'f the brickwork. Also thisair passes up finto vthe space y 15, @above the .dome P6, mixes' with`the lhet gasesf'rif combustion @coming i from the 'combustionlchamberi# ithrough V'the :opening "I, thus cuolngfthesaidgases.catedleonicalfformfand for sulcient depth toiperfmit a'ithoroug'h mixingofthe airwvith the hot ffgasesdfieombustion.

a veryA high temperature, being rconfined by 'theYreflectingwalls'and'.riome,iso that thewall 4'5 of f-th'e 'fhaniber imay reachfa'lpoiiit approaching the melting-pointpf filrefbri'ck.'This-high tempera- 44Kture causes `the :wall f5 "Ito expand. This'expan- -`sion-'causes lthe top of -thew-'all '5 to 'slide upwardfonth'e inner Y"surface of the Jab'ovfe-described ring 2I2'1errne`d"inside olfth'e wall 2 `and :adaptedfto w brace the 'dome -S at-i'e'very expanded position Athereon.

Tsincellthe lfd'onre:Fleas noi-keystone, inthe ordinarxmse'nse fo'f Fthevwor-d, vvit `lis necessarythat 'the 1wall supportingfi-t be 4very VI-Bythe above construction isom'e of fthe outward thru'st due `to *fthefweight =o'f Y'the idoine, 'is taken up bythe iinlined WallE5'andthelel'nairiderftlieieof is'tra'n'sfilerred, through fthe .sliding.c'on'ta'ct with the bra-"ce :ring `I2,``toithe outer 'wall I, which hasa `-Nxjliierfbase'thanfthefsaid wa'1125. This 'thrust is, fdue'ftoltheform=and proportions 'of the dome,l'in inlined downward =and outwardfand `falls within Nthe said base 2er `the `rva'll 1Lfthusl'eli'minating -the bending moment 'on the said walls which would bepresent if the vsaid supporting walls fil fandwere not inclined inward.

mayencircl'e the "outer 'surface A=-o`f "the inner wall fi-'nverdertorreen'forcethe `said wall.

'Thus'it Willb'e Yseen'*thai/ILlfla've produced a tras'hburner-ffo isuch'fform that,v 'with a "forced liiraf-t, la very high itemperature is'reached Athereay Eburning y'all theltrash fed :thereto so completelyltlratwno cinders "orffsparks escape therefrom, and -'yet, in spite ofthis great linner h'eat, `the "walls are lkept reasonably `coolAvandfthe-gases offcombusflton escaping fthenefrom are materiallycooled.

This space f5 is 'of 'trun- It is, of course, understood that manychanges may be made in the details of design of my improved trash burnerwithout departing from the spirit of my invention as outlined in theappended claims.

Having, therefore, described my invention, A

what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

i .1. In a'trashfburner, th'e combination of a circular inner combustionchamber composed of truncated conical walls supporting a dome. having afeed opening in the center thereof; an outer '.-ihelliseparated from andsurrounding said com- `bustionchamber; and a brace ring formed on thelinsi'de o'f "the .outer shell and having an upward sliding engagementwith the upper end of the truncated wall of the combustion chamber tobracethe'f'basethe dome thereof, while permitting ,the upward expansionof said wall.

'2. 'In a trash burner, the combination of a circular 'inner irombusticn:chamber :havin-g a --wallzof'truncated conical ronn`,'with afdomesupported there'on; `an outer .shell having 'a iwall l'separated from,surrounding, and parallel "with the wall of thecombustionfchamber-.andfforming fa vwall-cooling space -between the:shell fand fthe 'combustion 'chamber `umll, :and @extending lar `above:the dome vthereof tto Yform e, gasefcooling space within theshell vanrlabove the Home; fa `brace :ring rer-med `onftlrre inside f'o'flthe outershell, 'and having an :upward sliding engagement with the :upper end ofthe truncated @conical 'wall 'of the combustion chamber to 'tbrace thebase l'o'f the idoine thereof; fair inlet passages ythrough*the :lowerend* of the .shell wall land 'connecting with `-the wallecooling .space'between the .'shell and "the combustion :chamber wall fand :adaptedTito admit air into .said space Ito co'ol 4vthe "walls thereof; andrairoutlet `'passages lthrough''said fbrace ring andadaptedmto permitthe fegress'p'f theatir from isaid wall-.cooling space and `.into 'thesaid gas-"co oling fspace.

3. :In 'a trashfb'urner, 'the combination-infiel circular innerfcombusticmf'clramber 'having lawall of truncatedfconical form, withadom-ez'supported thereon; an router shell having .1a 'wall fseparatedfrom, surrounding, :and parallelwith rt'hewall of the combustion chamberand forming a wallfcooling spacebetween theishellandvtheftruncatedfconical ycornlflus'ton `chamber wvall,` and fexten'ding far abovethe-domethereoftto form iafgasfeooling :space within the vshell :andeb'ovethe dome; 'a brace ring formed :on the-'inside'fof -:the .louter`shell and having an iupward 'ssliding r'engagement with the upper :endTof ith'e truncated conical wall `-of the combustion'chamber to .bracethe base ofthe fd'ome zthereof'; *poweredri-ven Smeans :to supplyablastPorair'nto theipombus# tion @chamber :in la substantially tangentialdirre'ction, whereby fthe 'vre .is constantly 'rand vio- '"'lently:stirred icontrolled rdra'ft:passages through the walls of saidshellr-farrd acornbust-ionvchurnber :and :adapted tto admit additionalrfair ythereto, whereby the :nre .iconsurnes 'all Amatter ftherein';

1 'air `inlet'.fpassages lthrough theilower-end pf *the shell -wall cand'connecting with zthe rwall-cooling space between 'the rshell and "theY,combustion 'chamber and yadapted fto Iadmit -air `into rsa'id space-andfair Loutletipassa'ges through'lsaid brace ringxand adaptedtoi-permit the egress'pf 'fthewair -from isa-id Twail-cooling Vspaceean'd :into V7the *.said .':gasecoolinglspaca FREDL'aR. IBEDEGIER.

